翠绿宝石激光器在医疗美容等领域发挥着重要的作用，其通常采用红光二极管（LD）激光器作为泵浦源，可以获得较高的转化效率，但红光LD激光器的光束质量较差，不适合直接作为克尔透镜锁模激光器的泵浦源，商用的绿光激光器以其优异的光束质量成为了克尔透镜锁模翠绿宝石激光器的首选泵浦源。报道了一种绿光泵浦的克尔透镜锁模翠绿宝石激光器。实验采用商用532 nm全固态绿光激光器作为翠绿宝石激光器的泵浦源，当泵浦光功率为10 W时，实现了稳定的锁模脉冲输出，重复频率为92 MHz，平均功率为369 mW，脉冲宽度为86 fs，中心波长为749 nm，光谱半峰全宽为6.3 nm。

Supercontinuum white laser with large bandwidth and high pulse energy would offer incredible versatility and opportunities for basic science and high technology applications. Here, we report the generation of high-efficiency 2.8-octave-spanning ultraviolet-visible-infrared (UV-Vis-IR) (with 350-2500 nm 25 dB bandwidth) supercontinuum white laser from a single chirped periodically poled lithium niobate (CPPLN) nonlinear crystal via synergic high-harmonic generation (HHG) and self-phase modulation (SPM). The CPPLN exhibits multiple controllable reciprocal-lattice bands to simultaneously support the quasi-phase matching (QPM) for simultaneous broadband 2nd-10th HHG via cascaded three-wave mixing against a broadband fundamental pump laser. Due to the efficient second-order nonlinearity (2nd-NL) up-conversion and significant 3rd-NL SPM effect both in the pump and HHG laser pulses, 350-2500 nm supercontinuum white laser is eventually obtained with 17 μJ per pulse under pump of 45 μJ per pulse mid-infrared femtosecond laser corresponding to an average high conversion efficiency of 37%. Our work opens up a route towards creating UV-Vis-IR all-spectrum white lasers through engineering the synergic action of HHG and SPM effects in nonlinear crystals for applications in ultrafast spectroscopy, single-shot remote sensing, biological imaging, and so on.

近年来随着计算机性能的提高，机器学习中的神经网络发展迅速，在诸多领域中得到了成功的应用。在超快光学中，基于神经网络技术的一些应用在过去几年中也受到了越来越多的关注，例如脉冲表征、光纤激光器的锁模、多模光纤传播动力学、非线性动力学的预测以及脉冲传播等。综述了神经网络在超快光学中已经实现的一些应用，包括实验过程中激光器的自调谐、超快传播动力学的表征和控制以及实验数据的处理和物理规律的发掘，展望了未来的应用前景并分析了面临的挑战。

可见光波段激光在科研、工业、医疗以及通信领域应用广泛, 可通过半导体激光器、稀土离子掺杂激光器和非线性频率变换技术产生, 其中可见光稀土离子掺杂激光器近年来受到广泛关注。首先介绍了可见光波段激光的几种典型应用, 然后分析了目前可以产生可见光激光的稀土离子(镨、钕、钐、铕、铽、镝、钬、铒、铥)的发射吸收光谱和激光特性, 最后综述了其中较有潜力的镨离子和铽离子在可见光固体激光器方面的最新研究进展。

半导体激光器泵浦的高功率飞秒激光器在工业加工和生物医学等领域中均发挥着重要的作用。一般而言，无论是被动锁模飞秒激光器还是克尔透镜锁模飞秒激光器，都需要在腔内引入一定的负色散平衡自相位调制，产生稳定的飞秒孤子。特别是随着平均功率的增加，腔内自相位调制增强，需要更多的负色散量进行平衡。常用的色散补偿器件有棱镜对、啁啾镜以及GTI（Gires-Tournois interferometer）镜等，棱镜对导致振荡器结构复杂，而啁啾镜和GTI镜的价格较为昂贵。实现了基于宽带高反镜色散补偿的高功率克尔透镜锁模运转，在泵浦功率为18 W时，利用Yb∶CYA晶体获得了平均输出功率为3.6 W、脉冲宽度为92 fs、100 min功率稳定性均方根值（RMS）为0.46%的稳定锁模脉冲，有利于进一步降低高功率飞秒激光器的成本。

报道了激光二极管（LD）直接泵浦的吉赫兹（GHz）重复频率克尔透镜锁模Yb∶KGW激光器。采用976 nm单模光纤耦合LD作为泵浦源，在基于Yb∶KGW的“蝴蝶形”结构环形腔中，实现了1 GHz重复频率的克尔透镜锁模激光输出，平均功率为90 mW，脉冲宽度为265 fs。进一步利用979.5 nm单模光纤耦合LD作为泵浦源，将锁模脉冲的平均功率提高到了151 mW，对应的脉冲宽度为249 fs、中心波长为1045 nm。

Ultrafast laser oscillators are indispensable tools for diverse applications in scientific research and industry. When the phases of the longitudinal laser cavity modes are locked, pulses as short as a few femtoseconds can be generated. As most high-power oscillators are based on narrow-bandwidth materials, the achievable duration for high-power output is usually limited. Here, we present a distributed Kerr lens mode-locked Yb:YAG thin-disk oscillator which generates sub-50 fs pulses with spectral widths far broader than the emission bandwidth of the gain medium at full width at half maximum. Simulations were also carried out, indicating good qualitative agreement with the experimental results. Our proof-of-concept study shows that this new mode-locking technique is pulse energy and average power scalable and applicable to other types of gain media, which may lead to new records in the generation of ultrashort pulses.